Smoking Tobacco Reduces the Risk of Parkinson Disease

Authors

• Kongkiat Kulkantrakorn, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Patum Thani, Thailand

References

1. Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA. The epidemiology of Parkinson’s disease: risk factors and prevention. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:1257-1272.
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3. Piao WH, Campagnolo D, Dayao C, et al. Nicotine and inflammatory neurological disorders. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 2009;30:715-722.
4. Kandel ER, Kandel DB. A molecular basis for nicotine as a gateway drug. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:932-943.
5. Bitzer ZT, Goel R, Trushin N, Muscat J, Richie JP Jr. Free radical production and characterization of heat-not-burn cigarettes in comparison to conventional and electronic cigarettes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2020;33:1882-1887.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak of lung injury associated with E-cigarette use or vaping. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html. Accessed September 20, 2022.

Recommended Citation

Kulkantrakorn, Kongkiat. 2023 Smoking Tobacco Reduces the Risk of Parkinson Disease. Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine. 23, 1 (Apr. 2023), 7-8.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.70933/2773-9465.1097

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