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Keywords

Correlation, Congenital hypothyroidism, Hearing loss, Newborn

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism increases the risk of hearing loss which caused delay speech and language development, social and emotional problems, and educational failure. Currently, a universal hearing screening program in newborns has been implemented in Thailand. The congenital hypothyroidism is not considered as a risk factor for hearing loss resulting in restricted hospitals that do not be screening hearing loss among congenital hypothyroidism. Then this research is to study the correlation between congenital hypo-thyroidism and hearing loss in a newborn in Uttaradit hospital, Thailand.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 382 newborns in Uttaradit hospital between January 2011 to June 2020 was obtained from medical records, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening report in newborn, the evaluation of otoacoustic emission (OAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR), divided into 2 groups, 62 patients were congenital hypothyroidism (exposed group) and 320 patients were non-congenital hypothyroidism (non-exposed group). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and analytical statistics by a computer program.
Results: Newborn with congenital hypothyroidism was 2.5 times significantly greater risk of hearing loss (95% CI 1.27 - 4.95, P = .008).
Conclusions: Congenital hypothyroidism affected hearing loss in newborns. Therefore, early screening should be necessary for newborns to reduce the risk of hearing loss and also improve the quality of life

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